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At its 25th anniversary in Abuja, Nigeria's NECO announced the rollout of Computer-Based Examinations (CBE) later this year to combat exam malpractice via real-time monitoring. Minister Dr. Tunji Alausa praised NECO's role in secure assessments and 21st-century skills. Registrar Prof. Dantani Wushishi highlighted the body's evolution from trust issues to international recognition, now conducting exams in eight countries with online registration and timely results.
Katsina State Governor Dikko Umaru Radda launched a tailored Safe Schools Policy to combat insecurity, violence, bullying, and attacks, adapted from the national 2021 framework. Supported by Save the Children and the Children's Parliament, it commits to infrastructure, security, and community involvement amid past school shutdowns.
On August 10, 2025, South Sawyer Glacier's 500m retreat in Alaska's Tracy Arm Fjord destabilized a mountainside, causing a massive rockfall that generated a 481m tsunami,the second-largest ever recorded and tallest non-earthquake one. The narrow fjord amplified the wave, creating persistent seiches, but no lives were lost due to timing. Experts like Daniel Shugar link it to 'debuttressing' from climate-driven glacier melt, warning of risks to expanding infrastructure amid similar events in Taan Fiord and Greenland.
JWST's MIRI instrument reveals LHS 3844 b, a dark, airless rocky exoplanet 48.5 light-years away, orbiting a red dwarf every 11 hours. Tidally locked with a 1000K dayside, it lacks atmosphere, showing basaltic mantle rocks, no Earth-like crust or plate tectonics. Space weathering darkens its regolith; two scenarios debate active volcanism vs. inactive surface like Mercury/Moon.
New research reveals Mars' moon Phobos, a rubble-pile body, will disintegrate explosively due to tidal forces well before the Roche limit, starting at 2.25 Mars radii with debris collisions accelerating a 'sesquinary catastrophe.' Key study by Agrusa and Michel; upcoming MMX mission to probe further.
ESO's VLTI in Chile's Atacama Desert uses four powerful lasers to create artificial guide stars by exciting sodium atoms 90km up, enabling adaptive optics to correct atmospheric turbulence for unprecedented clarity in ground-based observations. This tech targets regions like the Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud, revealing fine details in stars, protoplanetary disks, and black hole vicinities.
JWST has uncovered XMM-VID1-2075, a massive slow-rotating galaxy from 12 billion years ago with several times more stars than the Milky Way. Unlike fast-spinning early galaxies, it shows chaotic stellar motion typical of mature slow rotators, no longer forming stars. Dr. Ben Forrest suggests a single high-energy collision caused this, evidenced by unusual light patterns, challenging standard evolution models.
A new study reveals that 3.7-3.1 billion years ago, in metal-poor oceans, early microbes relied on scarce molybdenum for essential enzymes in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles, sourced from hydrothermal vents. Challenging prior tungsten-first theories, it shows both metals were used early on. Betül Kaçar's research implies flexible biochemical strategies, reshaping astrobiology's search for alien life beyond Earth-like conditions.
Astronomers led by Silke Britzen have discovered the first confirmed pair of supermassive black holes orbiting each other in galaxy Markarian 501, revealed by dual particle jets tracked over 20 years of radio data. Masses between 100 million and 1 billion solar masses, separated by 250-540 AU, with jets orbiting every 121 days. This system promises future gravitational wave detection via pulsar timing arrays as they spiral toward merger, advancing galaxy evolution studies.
JAXA's Next Generation Small-Body Return (NGSR) mission targets low-activity comet 289P/Blanpain in the 2030s to collect untouched samples revealing early solar system formation, planet building, and potential organic building blocks of life like amino acids. The mission uses advanced tech like impactors and spectrometers to overcome sampling challenges, offering pristine insights unaltered by space exposure.
A total solar eclipse on August 12, 2026, will cross the Arctic, Greenland, Iceland, and northern Spain, with max totality of 2m18s in the North Atlantic. Part of Saros 126, it's the longest in its series,not globally,and won't match in that cycle for 157 years. Path details cities like Bilbao and Valencia; partial visible across Europe/Africa. Safety essentials and upcoming 2027 events highlighted.
ALICE team at LHC observed quark-gluon plasma signatures in proton-proton and proton-lead collisions for the first time, revealing anisotropic flow patterns in smaller systems. This supports quark interactions in early universe conditions, with quotes from David Dobrigkeit Chinellato and plans for 2025 oxygen collisions to deepen insights into matter formation post-Big Bang.
Astronomers observed galaxy J0218−0036's supermassive black hole fade 95% in brightness over 20 years due to a sudden 98% gas supply cut in just seven years, challenging stable accretion models. Data from SDSS and Subaru's Hyper Suprime-Cam confirmed multi-wavelength dimming, not obscuration, marking the first rapid starvation event per PASJ study.
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has spotted a 'stingray' galaxy blending traits of little red dots (LRDs) and compact active galactic nuclei (AGN), suggesting LRDs are transient evolutionary phases driven by galaxy interactions, starbursts, and black hole growth, as detailed in Astronomy and Astrophysics.
