Ozempic and Mounjaro: GLP-1 Drugs for Type 2 Diabetes and Weight Loss

Ozempic and Mounjaro are drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes, but they have gained attention for weight loss.

Ozempic, Mounjaro, Wegovy, Zepbound, Saxenda, and Foundayo are GLP-1 agonists, available as injections or pills. They are the most effective medications for diabetes and weight management, leading to average weight loss of 6% to 20%.

Research shows these drugs lower the risk of heart and kidney disease. They suppress appetite, slow digestion, and make patients feel full faster. See more on NIH findings.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. Learn details from Mayo Clinic.

Demand surged after celebrities shared rapid weight loss on social media, causing Wegovy shortages. People used Ozempic off-label without type 2 diabetes.

Supply issues persist, and insurance coverage has become stricter, rejecting claims even for diabetes patients.

Medications like semaglutide (in Ozempic and Wegovy) are effective and necessary,over 40% of U.S. adults have obesity and 30% are overweight.

, Kelly Wood, MD, endocrinologist and Verywell Health Medical Expert Board member

Types of Obesity Treatment

Overweight vs. Obesity

Overweight and obesity are defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).^[1]

Overweight: BMI of 25.0 to 29.9 kg/m² (normal BMI: 18.5-24.9).

Obesity: BMI of 30.0 or greater (severe obesity: 40.0 or greater).

BMI does not account for factors beyond weight and height. Experts are exploring definitions beyond BMI for obesity treatment.

Frequently Asked Questions

Who should use weight management medications?

Used with lifestyle therapy (healthy meal plan, physical activity, behavioral interventions) for BMI over 30 (obesity) or BMI 27+ with weight-related conditions like hypertension or diabetes. See effective self-help and therapy options.

What medications are FDA-approved for weight management?

Xenical (orlistat), Alli (orlistat), Qsymia (phentermine-topiramate), Contrave (bupropion-naltrexone), Saxenda (liraglutide), Imcivree (setmelanotide), Wegovy (semaglutide), Zepbound (tirzepatide), and Foundayo (orforglipron). Full FDA GLP-1 info.

Insurance coverage for Ozempic?

Insurance companies no longer cover Ozempic for weight loss. Non-diabetics may get compounded semaglutide from clinics, but these may differ from approved versions and lack tested safety/efficacy.

Ask the Expert: Kelly Wood, MD

Kelly Wood, MD, board-certified endocrinologist specializing in osteoporosis and metabolic bone disease, Atlanta, Georgia.

As an endocrinologist, what is your experience with newer weight loss drugs like semaglutide?

Dr. Wood: GLP-1 agonists have treated type 2 diabetes since 2005. They lower blood sugar and cause significant weight loss, varying by drug and dosage. They are game-changers; many patients manage diabetes and get off insulin.

Have drug shortages or costs been a challenge for your diabetes patients?

Dr. Wood: Shortages from off-label use made medications unavailable for months, worsening blood sugar control. Insurance is strict, denying scripts; my office has a pharmacy team for prior authorizations.

Do you think Ozempic will ever be FDA-approved for weight loss?

Dr. Wood: Ozempic will remain for type 2 diabetes. Higher-dose semaglutide is approved as Wegovy for weight loss. More GLP-1 agonists or combinations are coming.

Risks & Side Effects

GLP-1 agonists have common gastrointestinal side effects due to their mechanism of action.